Miscellaneous

Linux tips: Modify GRUB bootloader timeout (Linux Mint 20.1)   1) Edit:- /etc/default/grub 2) Modify grub file: // Timeout of 3 seconds // Note: Value of 0 means 10 seconds GRUB_TIMEOUT=3 3) Run :- sudo update-grub 4) Reboot

 Linux tips: Set default sound card using Pulse Audio   1) Check list of Sources:- #  pactl list short sources 2    alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor    module-alsa-card.c    s16le 2ch 48000Hz    RUNNING 3    alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo    module-alsa-card.c    s16le 2ch 44100Hz    RUNNING // Set default source #  pactl set-default-source alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo   2) Check list of Inputs:- #  pactl list short sinks 2    alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo    module-alsa-card.c    s16le 2ch 48000Hz    IDLE // Set default input/sink # pactl set-default-sink alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo ================================================== Or use this method (Tested working on Linux Mint 20.1): a)  Run the following (on working & active (Pulse Audio configuration) profile) #   pacmd list-cards   index: 1 name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0> active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo> b) Test th

 Linux tips: Update openssl on Linux Mint 18.3   1)  Download the openssl source from:- https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1i.tar.gz (Note: Compare the checksum if you want) 2) Open the downloade file: # tar xvzf openssl-1.1.1i.tar.gz   3) Goto the openssl source directory & proceed:- # ./config # make # make test   // backup original openssl binary # cp /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.backup   # make install # ln -s /usr/local/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl   // update symlinks & rebuild library cache  // if necessary:-  // export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/local/lib" // ln -s /etc/ssl/certs /usr/local/ssl/ # sudo ldconfig  // check version # openssl version

  Linux tips: Update kernel manually (Linux Mint 18.3)   1) Goto:- https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ 2) Look for your desired kernel :- https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.8.18/amd64/ 3) Download these kernels:- linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_all.deb linux-headers-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb linux-image-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb linux-modules-VERSION-NUMBER_amd64.deb (i.e:   a) linux-headers-5.8.18-050818-generic_5.8.18-050818.202011011237_amd64.deb b) linux-headers-5.8.18-050818_5.8.18-050818.202011011237_all.deb c) linux-image-unsigned-5.8.18-050818-generic_5.8.18-050818.202011011237_amd64.deb   d) linux-modules-5.8.18-050818-generic_5.8.18-050818.202011011237_amd64.deb )   4) Compare checksums of downloaded kernels with CHECKSUMS file (on website):- # sha256sum linux-* 5) Install downloaded kernel files:- # sudo dpkg -i *.deb   6) Reboot.  Extra:- 7) If you want to remove the newly installed kernels (using root):- # dpkg --remove linux-image-unsigned-5.8.18-05